A Miami Beach resident who has lived across the street from the Fontainebleau Hotel for more than two decades went to court Wednesday, filing a nine-page constitutional challenge that could determine whether Florida's legislature can reach into a single city block and override local land-use rules to benefit one private resort.

Richard Simring, who owns the home at 5400 LaGorce Drive, filed the complaint on June 3 in Miami-Dade Circuit Court against Fontainebleau Florida Hotel, LLC and Fontainebleau Development, ...